​ABSTRACT: The energy source shortage has become a severe issue and solving the problem with renewable and sustainable energy is the primary trend for researchers. Among the new generation energy storage, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery stands out for its low cost, high theoretical capacity, and environmentally friendly properties. Intensive researches have been focusing on this system and great improvement has been achieved. However, several problems still need to be resolved for its practical application, especially for the “shuttle effect” issue coming from the dissolved intermediate polysulfides, which could cause the rapid decay of the battery capacity and lead to a low Coulombic efficiency (CE). To eliminate these issues, several methods are proposed in this dissertation, including using interlayers, modifying separators, and protecting the lithium anode.