Abstract: To date, a wide range of organic and inorganic materials have been used as building blocks in the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). The question of which criteria and design principles should be addressed when choosing the best material for biomedical applications arises. Based on the successes and failures of tested materials, it has been discovered that NPs must perform three important functions in order to achieve their drug delivery purpose. To begin, NPs must have sufficient circulation time to ensure that they can reach their target. Following that, these NPs must be capable of selectively targeting diseased tissue and leaving healthy tissue untouched. Finally, NPs must be made of a biodegradable substance that can be removed from the body without causing any unwanted consequences. Biomimetic nanoparticles based on cell membranes have been developed as an efficient means of meeting drug delivery goals and achieving targeted delivery by actively interacting and communicating with the biological environment.
The initial effort was the development of biomimetic cancer cell coated zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) for the targeted and cell-specific delivery of this genome editing machinery. C3-ZIFMCF was incubated with MCF-7, HeLa, HDFn, and aTC cell lines, with MCF-7 cells exhibiting the highest uptake and healthy cells showing negligible uptake. In terms of genome editing, MCF-7 were transfected with C3-ZIFMCF, which resulted in a 3-fold suppression of EGFP expression compared to a 1-fold repression of EGFP expression when MCF-7 were transfected with C3-ZIFHELA. C3-ZIFMCF selectivity to accumulate in MCF-7 tumor cells was validated in vivo. This reinforces the potential of the cell membrane coating strategy to meet the needs of cell-specific targeting, which is undoubtedly the most important step in the future translation of genome editing technologies.
On the other hand, chiral separation of enantiomers is becoming more important, especially in the pharmaceutical sector. Because enzyme reactions and other biological processes are highly stereoselective, the different enantiomers of a chiral drug typically have different metabolic effects, pharmacological activity, metabolic rates, and toxicities. In order to overcome this problem, we chose to investigate the capacity of chiral polyamide membranes for efficient and energy-free chiral separation. Specifically, to separate essential amino acids that are required to all living organisms (DL-tryptophan).